1.. IntroductionBentonite often contains > 80% montmorillonite.Bentonite is used in a wide range of applications including drilling mud, bleaching earth, water and solvent based rheological additives, litter, desiccant clay, and animal feed additive (Lagaly, 2006).Due to high viscosity and swelling and low filtration loss, (Na–Ca) …
A new process for manufacturing organically compounded bentonite was developed successfully based on the organic intercalation and layered structure of bentonite. The main steps in the proposed process included wet sodium activation of bentonite ore, organic compounding and high-pressure roll grinding. The optimum …
Abstract. Environmental and health issues are critical challenges for sustainable development in the 21st century; therefore, this paper investigates a simple and cost-effective process for recovery of organic matter (OM) from phosphoric acid to provide environmentally acceptable P-fertilizer. This study analyzed the structural …
The presence of emerging pollutants such as hazardous chemicals, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals in water sources is a serious concern to the environment and human health. Thus, this study focused on exploring the interaction mechanisms between ciprofloxacin (CIP) (antibiotic) and clay (a …
Natural bentonite grounded from Sarolangun District of Jambi Province has been modified based on Thermal and Acid Activation (TAA). The thermal activation was conducted by calcination at ...
Activation of Bentonite clay using hydrochloric acid (HCl) [15], [16], sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) [17], [18] and other acids [19], [20] has been reported. Out of all acids, H 2 SO 4 is preferred mostly as the activation can be performed by mild process conditions and the quality of the end product is better with high specific surface area and ...
Raw bentonite after acid-treatment was carried out and the catalytic performance of various solid acid catalysts was tested, and acid-treated clay exhibited the best. ... After high-concentration sulfuric acid activation, the interlayers of Bentonite still retained sulfuric acid, some tiny mineral impurities, as well as metal ions formed by ...
These acids are often used at the stage of purifying bentonite clays. Hydrochloric acid promotes more efficient transformation of smec-tites to the H-from without side processes of oxida-tion. Hydrochloric acid is therefore used most often for the acidic activation of clay. The conditions of the acidic treatment of bentonite-like clays from ...
One of the most common chemical modifications of clay minerals, used for both industrial and scientific purposes, is their acid activation. This consists of the reaction of clay minerals with a mineral acid solution, usually HCl or H 2 SO 4.The main task is to obtain partly dissolved material of increased specific surface area, porosity and surface …
Specific properties of bentonite clay have made them a valuable material in different process industries. Easy availability, low price and their effectiveness are the major factors which made fuller's earth, an adsorbent in cooking oil manufacturing industry. Textural characteristics of fuller's earth play an important role in its performance. These …
Different organic (acetic acid, citric acids, and oxalic acid) and inorganic acids (HCL, H 2 SO 4, and H 3 PO 4) are used for acid activation (Avila et al. 2021; Javed et al. 2018; Kausar et al. 2021; Khan et al. 2019; Yildiz et al. 2004). In acid activation using inorganic acid, the inorganic cation in the interlayer structure of bentonite is ...
Different organic (acetic acid, citric acids, and oxalic acid) and inorganic acids (HCL, H 2 SO 4, and H 3 PO 4 ) are used for acid activation (Avila et al. 2021;Javed et al. 2018;Kausar et al ...
To prepare acid activated Indian bentonite, the Indian bentonite was slurried with water and then mixed with conc. H 2 SO 4 (98%) at predetermined acid/clay ratio of 0.30 so as to form a clay slurry, which was heated on a water bath at 90 °C for 16 h with constant stirring (pH 1.84). At the end of the reaction time the activation was …
The adsorbents, an organically activated bentonite (OAB) and a humic acid polymer (HAP), were tested in a common in vitro model with a pH course comparing the maximum pH changes that can be expected in the digestive system of a monogastric animal, i.e. pH 7.4 for the oral cavity, pH 3.0 for the stomach, and pH 8.4 for the intestines.
DOI: 10.1016/J.ARABJC.2013.01.014 Corpus ID: 96828479; Adsorption of organic matter from industrial phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) onto activated bentonite @article{Khoualdia2017AdsorptionOO, title={Adsorption of organic matter from industrial phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) onto activated bentonite}, author={B{'e}chir Khoualdia …
Acid activation. The acid activation was carried out in a 250 mL breaker with 100 mL working volume. The samples were mixed properly in a rotary shaker …
After the acid activation, the analysis data showed a significant change in the chemical composition in modified bentonite clay, compared to the raw bentonite …
after the acid activation of bentonite sulfuric acid, nitric via acid, and phosphoric acid solutions at different concentrations. This was due to leaching of the octahedral cations from the interlayer of the adsorbents and the subsequent re-generation of the pores during acid activation treatment. Similar trends
Four organic acids are used which are recommended best for activation. These acids are acetic acid, phosphoric acid, citric acid and oxalic acid. ... The acid activation of bentonite from Middle ...
Abstract. Modified bentonites are of widespread technological importance. Common modifications include acid activation and organic treatment. Acid activation …
Noyan, H. Önal, M. and Sarikaya, Y., 2007 The effect of sulphuric acid activation on the crystallinity, surface area, porosity, surface acidity, and bleaching power of a bentonite Food Chemistry 105 156 – 163 10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.03.060.
One of the most common chemical modifications of clay minerals, used for both industrial and scientific purposes, is their acid activation. This consists of the reaction of clay minerals with a mineral acid solution, usually HCl or H 2 SO 4.The main task is to obtain partly dissolved material of increased specific surface area (SSA), porosity and …
A new process for manufacturing organically compounded bentonite was developed successfully based on the organic intercalation and layered structure of …
In the ironmaking process, the addition of an organic binder to replace a portion of bentonite has the potential to improve the performance of pellets. The interaction between original bentonite (OB) and organic binder was investigated. Results indicated that the micromorphology of organic composite bentonite (OCB) became porous and …
In our earlier work, the performance of acid-treated bentonite for the removal of sodium from water was reported (Musie & Gonfa 2022). Chemical activation methods using acid or alkali may leave chemical residue and cause environmental problems (Barakan & Aghazadeh 2021).
The FTIR spectra of the exchanged acid-activated bentonite (E–A-Bent) and the exchanged bentonite (E-Bent) are shown in Fig. 1, and compared with the natural bentonite (Bent). The E–A-Bent and E-Bent exhibit a new absorption peak at 1460 cm − 1 due to the C C asymmetric bending of the alkyl chains of TBHP present in the clay.
2.2 Activation of bentonite clay Activation was done based study of Samira & Moussa, 2014; 400 mL of hydrochloric acid (2M HCl) (98%, d = 1.98 g/cm3) solution was added to 50 g of NB sample. The ...
is to give the alternative method for activation procedure of bentonite clay and this method should be the safest method for both the labor and equipment used in vegetable oil industry. Keywords: bentonite clay; surface activation; organic acids; adsorption; fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ft-ir). GJRE-C Classification : FOR Code: 030599
A natural bentonite obtained from Khorasan, Iran, was submitted to acid activation with sulphuric acid. Sample aliquots (5gr) were leached with 100 ml H 2SO 4 solutions of various concentrations ...
Acid activated bentonite (AAB) was prepared by acid treatment of an Algerian bentonite (Bent) originating from Maghnia repository. Thus a 200 g clay …
Magnesium and to a lesser extend, aluminium are the most readily removed elements during acid modification. Similarly, bentonite activation is a complex …